Dr. Rudolph Diesel was the inventor of the ubiquitous diesel engine, way back in the 1890s. The engine’s development was basically an answer to the rudimentary steam engines that had been in existence since the auto-mobile emerged. Steam engines were known to be dangerous and could be very unreliable, not like the diesel engine, which was then popular.
Unlike the petrol engine that was to gain wider acceptance, the diesel engine operates on the basis of compression – ignition. Air enters into the engine cylinder and is compressed when the piston rises, igniting the mixture and emitting power. The petrol engine on the other hand uses a spark to ignite a fuel/air mix when the air is compressed, and needs a somewhat complex “backup” system of plugs, coils and leads.
While the first public demonstration of what was essentially the early “bio diesel” engine occurred in 1900, it was to be the 1930s before modern biodiesel fuel was developed through the conversion of vegetable oils into fatty acid methyl esters.
Following the war period and during times of relative plenty, there was little real interest in biodiesel as an alternative. When petro diesel was readily available and quite cheap, vegetable oil based alternatives were not suitable. As the vegetable oil was subject to a higher viscosity, experimentation resulted in further development and the emergence of what we now know as biodiesel.
Transesterification, the process of converting vegetable oils and making them available as a diesel fuel replacement was initially mooted by a Belgian inventor back in 1937, but it was not perfected until the 1980s, when complex socio-economic factors combined to draw our attention towards efficiency and energy security. At this time the process was perfected, making biodiesel fuel a very real alternative for environmentalists and those concerned about society.
In the 1990s, biodiesel became very acceptable in Europe, much to do with the very high prices of petro diesel. Biodiesel first went into production in the US in 1996, and during the decade to follow it has become more and more available and the subject of more interest in general.
We now know how much damage we have caused to our environment through gas emission, industrial and automotive pollution. While this awareness has been slowly emerging, costs associated with energy production have been rising inexorably. When gas prices reached the peaks in the United States recently, consumers really became aware of sustainability and the need to become more efficient. Petro diesel costs more than regular gasoline and either method digs into the typical monthly budget cost, so alternatives that are seen to be better for the environment are becoming more popular.
The history of biodiesel seems set for an exciting chapter ahead as we focus more on energy security, environmental issues and balancing our budgets. These days, homemade biodiesel has become an interesting alternative for independent people as they seek to become better stewards of the environment as well. It comes down to the simple equation of whether a sustainable fuel solution can be produced at a lesser cost than the readily available alternative, and in this case, biodiesel is most definitely the answer. It’s a real solution, and a way forward.
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